• Aerobic activity : Moderately intense physical activity involving the large muscle groups of the human body (legs, trunk, arms). This type of activity is based on the major use of oxygen to break down glycogen and fatty acids to allow a stable condition to be maintained for 3 minutes.
  
  
• Aerobic system : System which produces long-term energy using mainly glycogen and fatty acids which are broken down in the presence of oxygen. This system supplies the energy necessary for muscle contraction over a long period of time, and is used predominantly in exercise lasting more than three minutes
  
  
• Anaerobic alactic system : System which produces short-term energy using mainly ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and CP (creatine phosphate) which are broken down without the presence of oxygen (anaerobic). This system supplies the energy necessary for muscular contraction over a very short period of time and is predominantly used in exercise lasting between 0.1 and 40 seconds.
  
  
• Anaerobic lactic system : System which produces medium-term energy using mainly glucose to make ATP without the presence of oxygen (anaerobic). This system produces lactic acid and supplies the energy necessary for muscular contraction for a short period of time. This energy system is used predominantly in exercise which can be maintained for between 40s and 3 minutes.
  
  
• Annual plan : Annual organisation of all programmes (macrocycles/mesocycles) for a given season or year.
  
  
• Anthropometry : A science whose aim is the study of body measurements of the human body (height, weight, proportions) .